The methods of taxing
When driving on straight road hands should der to press in position approximately "without fifteen three" on fancy th place on the steering wheel the clock face. Fingers tightly wrapped around the rim and your thumbs are on the internal side of the rim — the closed capture allowing reliably keep build the wheel. Recommended standard position of hands on steering wheel ensures maximum in any direction the steering angle to the forest. In addition, it also ensures maximum precision of control actions as in the steering wheel control TLDs
mja, and one hand in case of another manipulating other bodies. Standard position of hands on steering wheel is part of the "posture of readiness" to danger and facilitates a rapid response. Depending on conditions, the drivers use a variety of techniques
of the steering wheel and moving the hands, otherwise it is called "taxiing". To know in what way the taxi driver to use the tel in different situations, it is necessary to consider the classification techniques of manipulation of the steering wheel.
Install, for what purpose you need the taxi. It serves to maintain or change the direction of movement of the car, as well as its stabilization at drift. There are three types of steering:
1) leveling — turn of the steering wheel at a slight angle for compensation of deviations of the vehicle when traveling straight;
2) compensatory — steering, which eliminated the skidding car;
3) the main steering when cornering.
Leveling steering when driving almost constantly, it is driven by vehicle speed, road conditions and steering governance. The higher the speed the worse road condition, the more intense the alignment taxiing. It is usually without permutation key hands from the starting position turn the steering wheel at a slight angle in both directions.Depending on size of drift and speed of the car when I run to two ways compensatory steering — power and SKO. If the speed of the car small and the driver in time(in the initial phase) "has caught" drift, he can liquidate it on the collar of the steering wheel one or two hands simultaneously bezperechno from its initial position, or by playing alternately with each hand interception, but without cross change of hands.At strong drift or in other emergencies resort to the high-speed way rulenija. It can be run as a one ru coy, and serially two hands, and also a combination of one two or two one. A characteristic feature of the wheel speed of fast cross change of hands. It should be noted that pianoforte with the surrounding intercepting long considered unsafe.However, recent research conducted by the research Institute proved oshie mocnosti the common opinion about this reception high-speed rulenija.Usual turns of the car depending on speed and KRU of tisni (radius) of rotation are power or speed. And the last is used on turns with small for the moustache of curvature and with non-slip coating, as well as during emergency maneuvering.
Return steering wheel to give the car Novotroickoe movement after the turning may be carried out under the power or speed method. In practice, however, h it can be seen as the driver releases the steering wheel and waits until it is returned (spin up) to the neutral position. For parameters involving regulations safety this is unacceptable. There are many cases when a wrong adjustment of corners of installation of wheels, as well as in cases of an excessive inhaling of the steering mechanism "the rudder faded" on a place after removing its hands, leading to serious consequences.
Observation of many drivers, as well as the results of experimental work conducted by NIIAT, show that the technique of taxiing of the majority of drivers even high qualification Dale ka from perfection. This is due primarily to the fact that in the drafting of the drivers neglected the important issue of formation of skill of driving. Therefore, the management skills steering wheels most often are formed through
many years of driving practice, and not always correctly.Errors in driving are most often seen in Cree critical road traffic situations, especially on slippery road surfaces. In these conditions many drivers do not know how to use the maximum speed of rotation of the steering wheel, there is no optimal coordination of movement of hands, ignorance of rational management techniques.
Typical mistakes rulenija, leading to the accident include:
· open the girth, when your thumbs outside the steering wheel rim. This girth does not allow to block the sudden rotation of the steering wheel caused reciprocal reac tion of the road wheel, especially at movement on sand, a track,a slight obstruction;
· girth to the lower or upper sector of the steering wheel indicates, as a rule, about exhaustion of the driver, reduces accuracy rulenija,angle and speed of rotation of the steering wheel;
· the girth and the steering wheel for the spokes, as well as strong crossing of hands do not allow, if necessary, to make the wheel turn at a greater angle;
· taxiing with interception in the bottom sector of a rudder speaks about insufficient coordination of movements of the driver
· circular rulenie one hand with constantly opened
· brush (through palms) weakens contact of a hand with a steering wheel and can cause slippage of the hand on the rim;
· full letting go of the steering wheel when the vehicle is in motion(when brushing, Smoking, lowering of glass of a door, etc.) with sdet preconditions for spontaneous sudden changes of direction.
It should be noted that the erroneous action of the driver, driven by long recurrence up to automatism, are eliminated with great difficulty, and require house training, and in posleduyuschaya driver.
Control technology easily lends itself to assimilation with prosta of our simulator, most accessible of which is the car with the hung out forward axis, i.e. when the front wheels must be raised to a height of 20-30 cm from the ground surface, and vehicles need to be mounted on stands in such a way as to avoid oscillation around a vertical axis.
Exercise technique of taxiing should be tested first atomic at a slow pace for at least 30 min. a day, constantly increasing speed of actions by hands and having finished it on 4-5 th day up to the maximum possible. The purpose of such exercises — to fulfil up to auto matism technique of taxiing due to the rational coordination of movement deposits (a clear sequence of actions, development of advanced techniques of interception, transfer the hands on the shortest path, etc.). When the application of this technology steering allows to raise speed ru ing 20%, and this, in turn, allows to increase the reliability
drivers while driving in critical situations,especially on slippery roads. After mastering the technique of taxiing on the car simulator trail et it to fix on a closed platform. Though drivers should be recommended taxiing only two ru kami, you must master the technique of taxiing free right and Le howl hands separately. This is due to three main features of the job of taxiing technique. First, with certain conditions of motion
tion, which applies steering with one hand (when changing gear, switching the auxiliary controls, reversing, etc.); secondly, those cases of control in which the speed rulenija one hand above, than to two; in the third, with a certain methodological pattern, in which the overall speed steering with two hands depends on the speed of movement of each hand separately.
When practicing this technique of taxiing typical errors: the speed of rotation of the steering wheel is uneven, large
smudge brush when taxiing located on the outer side of the wheel rim new wheels, loss of contact of the brush with the rim of the steering wheel when performing
interceptions.
Typical mistakes at working off high speed mode rulemeasure the following:
1) the speed of rotation of the steering wheel is uneven;
2) the delay of the steering wheel in extreme positions at izmeneniyami taxiing;
3) transition to another, familiar to the driver receiving taxiing;
4) the rotation of the steering wheel with one of your hands is an asset to her than the other, i.e. one twists, and another tightens;
5) poor coordination of hand movements (hand braided);
6) the thumbs are placed correctly on the rim, and preparedata hand rises high above the steering wheel and the hand knocks on the rim during its capture;
7) displacement or reduction of the angle.
You need to hold it on the car with hung out (as mentioned above) front the stake yourself, you will need an assistant with a stopwatch. Install the wheel,for example, in the left extreme position, then, rotating a rudder, translate those them in extreme right position and back in initial. About to do it 10 times at the maximum possible speed of taxiing, and the assistant with a stop watch will establish spent time.In addition, it should be remembered that high speed steering is necessary, go only in certain critical situations and in normal traffic is fundamental to traffic safety has the ability to predict the development of the road transport situation, without bringing its development to a critical stage. However, it is necessary to recognize that those drivers, which even after exercise is unable to obtain satisfactory results, to be supportive of this and to be extra cautious in somnitelnaya.
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